Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming more common at an alarming rate around the world. Diabetes's standing has shifted over the last three generations; previously considered a minor disease of the elderly, it is now one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among middle-aged and young individuals. Chronic diseases such as Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are caused by high blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, and insulin shortage. Traditional diabetes treatments, such as insulin sensitization and insulin secretion, have unfavorable side effects, resulting in patient noncompliance and medication discontinuation. Nanotechnology in diabetes research has stimulated the development of innovative methods for monitoring glucose and delivering insulin, which have the potential to improve the quality of life for diabetic patients. In addition to insulin and oral hypoglycemic medications, other therapies such as -cell regeneration and gene therapy are presently used to control diabetes. Aim of the Study: The current review focuses on nanocarrier-based medication delivery technologies and new diabetes treatment options. Methodology: The review is comprehensive research of PUBMED since the year 2002 to 2022 Conclusion: Diabetes care is in serious need of improvement. Diabetes is becoming more common at an unprecedented rate, putting enormous economic strain on healthcare spending and the cost of treating diabetic complications. While there are numerous relevant new treatment medications, none (save insulin or insulin analogs) are successful alone in achieving appropriate glycemic control. As a result, combinations of complimentary medications are becoming increasingly significant in illness therapy. Furthermore, the development of novel medications that target other targets will improve our ability to successfully treat this crucial disease. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, insulin, blood glucose level, nanocarrier, treatment strategies.