This dataset supports the original research article on “Framework for comparing urban emissions and land use efficiency scenarios to avoid increments of global warming” (Kılkış, forthcoming). A total of 28 datasheets are involved in this dataset that is organised into four main domains as follows: The first domain with 3 datasheets contains urban emissions data for three urban emissions scenarios (SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, and SSP1-RE) on an annual basis. The data is summed to obtain cumulative urban emissions between 2020 and 2050 per urban area for 465 urban areas. The second domain with 9 datasheets provides the quantification of the original parameter on contributions to increments of global warming based on cumulative urban emissions data for three urban emissions scenarios (SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, and SSP1-RE) between 2020 and 2050. The best estimate of the transient climate response to cumulative carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (TCRE) and its 5-95th percentile range are considered within the quantifications of this analysis. The third domain with 4 datasheets has the annual CO2 sequestration penalties of four land use efficiency scenarios (LUE 5%, LUE 15%, LUE Av, and LUE Best). Data is summed for cumulative CO2 sequestration penalties between 2020 and 2050 per urban area for 135 urban areas. The fourth domain with 12 datasheets contains the quantification of the original parameter on contributions to increments of global warming based on CO2 sequestration penalties for four land use efficiency scenarios (LUE 5%, LUE 15%, LUE Av, and LUE Best) between 2020 and 2050. The analysis is based on the best estimate of TCRE as well as its 5-95th percentile range. The data structure is described in the information sheet and the 28 datasheets contain 292,100 cells in total. The method and results that utilise the data are described in the original article submitted to Energy. The dataset of this research article should be cited as: Kılkış (2023), Dataset on Scenarios for Urban Emissions and LUE with Increments of Global Warming (v1.0.0). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10407848