Overactive bladder (OBS) is a clinical syndrome involving urinary urgency with or without urge incontinence, usually in association with urinary frequency and nocturia (urination between falling asleep and waking up). To date, it has been established that the cause of frequent and urgent urination in most patients is detrusor hyperactivity. The problem of diagnosis and successful treatment of patients with OAB requires an integrated approach involving doctors of various specialties, primarily urologists, neurologists and neurosurgeons. Attention is drawn to the fact that in most cases it is not possible to determine the true cause of the development of OAB, which makes it necessary to continue research aimed at identifying the etiological factors of OAB