The peripheral blood smear (PBS) is a laboratory procedure that examines the cytology of peripheral blood cells spread on a slide. Despite its simplicity, PBF (Peripheral Blood Film) is crucial in the assessment and identification of several clinical disorders. This essay emphasizes the fundamental principles and creative aspects underlying the PBF. The text discusses the laboratory applications, clinical indications, and interpretations of many clinical disorders. Although there have been advancements in automating haematology and using molecular approaches, the peripheral blood film (PBF) continues to be a crucial diagnostic tool for haematologists. The haemato-pathologist should ensure that a high-quality smear is obtained, followed by a comprehensive examination and accurate interpretation that aligns with the patient's clinical condition. Clinicians should be well-informed about the clinical usefulness and correct implementation of the reports in patient treatment. A manual inspection of the peripheral blood smear (PBS) is now conducted on a subset of samples that are submitted for automated full cell count.