This interdisciplinary paper delves into the transformative capabilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing sustainability within project management. Through a comprehensive analysis, key AI technologies—machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics—and their applications in optimizing resource allocation, risk assessment, and decision-making processes to achieve sustainable project outcomes are delved into. Use cases illustrate AI's efficacy in optimizing renewable energy and managing construction waste, offering tangible demonstrations of its influence on sustainability objectives. Despite the promising integration of AI, the technical, social, and ethical challenges that emerge are also examined, particularly concerning data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the necessity for transparent and responsible AI application. Furthermore, the paper identifies future research directions and emerging AI technologies that could further advance sustainability in project planning. Conclusively, the critical role of AI in redefining project management practices is underscored, advocating for its integration as a strategic approach to meeting global sustainability challenges.