The end of the last 20th and the first two decades of the present 21st centuries were marked by an amasing social and cultural phenomenon – a sharp increase in the role of religion in all spheres of human life. In politics, economics, culture, the religious factor plays a significant, and in many regions of the Earth, and a determining role everywhere. This phenomenon became to be unexpected for most scientists, and even for many traditional religious figures. Such influential philosophical systems of the 19th and 20th centuries as Positivism or Marxism also proceeded from the fact that religion is just opium for the people. Liberals regarded religion only as a private matter of the individual, but not a matter of society. Even conservatives viewed religion as part of the great historical tradition of their country, but not as something giving the world a transcendent idea. The secularisation of culture and politics, which began in Europe around the 17th century, seemed gradually to lead to a natural result – the complete disappearance of religion – under the influence of European culture and Western colonialism on all other continents. Since the 1970s, philosophers and political scientists have been talking about a religious renaissance in many regions of the world. The subject of the study was the religious sphere of the modern world with the rise of the Islamic movement and the Islamic revolution in Iran. The object of the study was the processes for religionising politics, culture, and economics of the modern world. The purpose of the study was to present the main patterns of the religionisation of politics, culture, and economics of the modern world. Historical, logical, analytical, and comparative methods were applied to achieve the purpose and solve the tasks set in the study. The authors used the works of prominent scientists and researchers, including A.J. Toynbee, U. Beck, P. Nolan, G.E. Lenski, C. Hackett, and E. Smith. Based on the study, the authors conclude that the resistance to globalisation under Western conditions has many directions, among which the inconspicuous protection of national culture and its spiritual basis – traditional religion – stands out. It is not by chance that not only philosophers, but also sociologists and cultural scientists started talking about the “return of ethnicity”. It is the real threat of dissolving into mass Americanised culture that motivates many citizens to turn to the sources of their national culture in principle.