A new species, named Primula xinjingensis , has been described from north-eastern Guizhou, China. It belongs to the sect. Monocarpicae. The species resembles P. pellucida in having efarinose plants, the shape of the leaf blade, and recurved calyx lobes in fruit. However, it differs from P. pellucida by possessing a campanulate calyx, lanceolate calyx lobes, narrowly cuneate-obovate corolla limb lobes, and a style reaching the throat in the pin flowers. It also shares similarities with P. divaricata and P. epilithica in terms of efarinose plants and the shape of the leaf blade. Nevertheless, it is distinct from these two species by the absence of rhizomes, having recurved calyx lobes in fruit, lanceolate calyx lobes, and narrowly cuneate-obovate corolla limb lobes. The new taxon has been assessed as “Data Deficient” (DD) according to the IUCN standards.