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Reverse Genetics System for Shuni Virus, an Emerging Orthobunyavirus with Zoonotic Potential

Authors: Oymans, Judith; Wichgers Schreur, Paul J.; Van Oort, Sophie; Vloet, Rianka; Venter, Marietjie; Pijlman, Gorben P.; Van Oers, Monique M.; +1 Authors

Reverse Genetics System for Shuni Virus, an Emerging Orthobunyavirus with Zoonotic Potential

Abstract

The genus Orthobunyavirus (family Peribunyaviridae, order Bunyavirales) comprises over 170 named mosquito- and midge-borne viruses, several of which cause severe disease in animals or humans. Their three-segmented genomes enable reassortment with related viruses, which may result in novel viruses with altered host or tissue tropism and virulence. One such reassortant, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), emerged in north-western Europe in 2011. Shuni virus (SHUV) is an orthobunyavirus related to SBV that is associated with neurological disease in horses in southern Africa and recently caused an outbreak manifesting with neurological disease and birth defects among ruminants in Israel. The zoonotic potential of SHUV was recently underscored by its association with neurological disease in humans. We here report a reverse genetics system for SHUV and provide first evidence that the non-structural (NSs) protein of SHUV functions as an antagonist of host innate immune responses. We furthermore report the rescue of a reassortant containing the L and S segments of SBV and the M segment of SHUV. This novel reverse genetics system can now be used to study SHUV virulence and tropism, and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that drive reassortment events.

Countries
Netherlands, South Africa
Keywords

Orthobunyavirus, Genome, Viral, Bunyaviridae Infections, Microbiology, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Viral Zoonoses, Article, orthobunyavirus, reverse genetics, Mice, Open Reading Frames, Reassortment, 616, Animals, Shuni virus (SHUV), Phylogeny, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Schmallenberg virus, QR1-502, Reverse Genetics, United Kingdom, Rats, Reverse genetics, RNA, Viral, reassortment, Shuni virus

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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