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Insight into the genomes of dominant yeast symbionts of European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus

Authors: Tian Cheng; Tian Cheng; Tereza Veselská; Barbora Křížková; Karel Švec; Václav Havlíček; Marc Stadler; +1 Authors

Insight into the genomes of dominant yeast symbionts of European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus

Abstract

Spruce bark beetleIps typographus can trigger outbreaks on spruce that results in significant losses in the forest industry. It has been suggested that symbiotic microorganisms inhabiting the gut of bark beetles facilitate the colonization of plant tissues as they play a role in the detoxification of plant secondary metabolites, degrade plant cell wall and ameliorate beetle’s nutrition. In this study, we sequenced and functionally annotated the genomes of five yeastsKuraishia molischiana,Cryptococcussp.,Nakazawaea ambrosiae,Ogataea ramenticola, andWickerhamomyces bisporusisolated from the gut ofIps typographus. Genome analysis identified 5314, 7050, 5722, 5502, and 5784 protein coding genes fromK. molischiana,Cryptococcussp.,N. ambrosiae,O. ramenticola, andW. bisporus, respectively. Protein-coding sequences were classified into biological processes, cellular and molecular function based on gene ontology terms enrichment. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation was used to predict gene functions. All analyzed yeast genomes contain full pathways for the synthesis of essential amino acids and vitamin B6, which have nutritional importance to beetle. Furthermore, their genomes contain diverse gene families related to the detoxification processes. The prevalent superfamilies are aldo-keto reductase, ATP-binding cassette and the major facilitator transporters. The phylogenetic relationships of detoxification-related enzymes aldo-keto reductase, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, and ATP-binding cassette are presented. Genome annotations also revealed presence of genes active in lignocellulose degradation.In vitroanalyses did not confirm enzymatic endolytic degradation of lignocellulose; however, all species can utilize and pectin and produce a large spectrum of exolytic enzymes attacking cellulose, chitin, and lipids.

Keywords

plant cell wall, gut microbiome, detoxification, Microbiology, Scolytinae, symbiosis, QR1-502, Scolytinae; gut microbiome; symbiosis; spruce; plant cell wall; detoxification; yeast; nutrition, spruce

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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