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The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables, Investment Incentives and Government Agreements on FDI Inflows in Ghana

Authors: Judith Lawson; Du Kuanqi; Bentum-Micah Geoffrey;

The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables, Investment Incentives and Government Agreements on FDI Inflows in Ghana

Abstract

The last two decades have witnessed an extensive growth and an ever-increasing competition in foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to the developing countries. This has resulted in higher investment incentives offered by the host governments and an increase in the number of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and regional agreements on investments. This research addresses the effectiveness of selective government policies and investment agreements in attracting FDI flows in developing countries. To achieve this, the impact of economic variables such as presence of infrastructure, cost of labor, annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth, real effective exchange rate, and tax incentives as well as bilateral investment treaties on the inflows of foreign direct investment within a 30-year span in Ghana was examined. The paper employed a regression analysis with the dependent and independent variables being FDI inflows and the listed variables respectively. Additionally, analytical techniques such as heteroskedasticity and Chou test were conducted. From the study, it is observed that inflows of FDI vary within the structural break analyzed and a low percentage of BITs reflect as a contributing factor of FDI. However, national policies proved to play a significant role in attracting FDI into Ghana.

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Keywords

Foreign Direct Investment, Selective Government Policies, Bilateral Investment Treaties

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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