The increasing vertical densification of cities demands high-rise systems that integrate structural efficiency, environmental performance, and reduced material and energy use. This study proposes a petal-structured high-rise architecture, where curved exoskeletal elements act as primary structural and environmental regulators around a central core. Structurally, the shell–diagrid hybrid configuration converts load into compression-dominant paths, reducing bending moments (25–40%), lateral drift (20–30%), and material demand (15–25%). Aerodynamically, the geometry disrupts vortex formation, lowering wind pressures (18–28%) and improving dynamic stability. Environmentally, vertical ventilation channels enable airflow (0.8–1.6 m/s; 4–8 ACH), while self-shading reduces solar heat gain (10–25%), achieving 30–40% cooling energy savings. At the urban scale, the form enhances microclimatic conditions, reducing ambient temperatures by 1–2°C. The study demonstrates that geometry-driven design can replace mechanical complexity, offering a scalable and climate-responsive model for sustainable high-rise development.