Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as one of the most significant threats to global public health in the twenty-first century. The widespread misuse and overuse of antibiotics in human medicine, agriculture, and animal husbandry have accelerated the development of resistant microorganisms. As a result, infections that were once easily treatable are becoming increasingly difficult to manage, leading to prolonged illness, higher healthcare costs, and increased mortality. This paper examines the causes, mechanisms, health impacts, and economic consequences of antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, it explores current prevention strategies, stewardship programs, and future directions aimed at combating this growing challenge. Effective collaboration among healthcare professionals, policymakers, researchers, and the public is essential to preserve the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents and protect global health.