Using the example of paleotemperature modeling of the Kiterbyutskaya suite of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic section, opened by a deep well at the Bovanenkovskoye oil – gas condensate field (Yamal Peninsula), the influence of paleoclimate factors on the thermal history of the Lower Jurassic oil source deposits, the duration of the main phase of petroleum formation and the value of the paleothermometric maximum and oil generation density. The original computer methodology is described, which takes into account the parameters of the tectonic and sedimentation history, as well as the history of the thermophysical properties of the sedimentary formation, including permafrost and glaciers, and not requiring a priori information about the values and nature of the deep heat flow is given. The features of the model parametrization are shown. The reliability of the results is confidently controlled by the geophysical criterion of the “discrepancy”, comparison with experimental data on the heat flow, and consistency with the drilling data. The presentation is based on the works of the Tomsk School of Geothermics, carried out as part of the development of a methodological base of geothermics as a geophysical oil prospecting method.