The present catalogue comprises 2,203 valid species in 562 genera of Erebidae from India. Of the 19 known subfamilies of Erebidae (including Strepsimaninae as incertae sedis), all are represented in the subcontinent except for the New World subfamily Scolecocampinae. Arctiinae are the most diverse, with 737 species, and Eulepidotinae and Strepsimaninae are the least diverse, each represented by a single species. We follow the classification proposed by Zahiri et al. (2012) and utilized DNA barcoding combined with multigene data analysis to determine the phylogenetic position of uncertain moth species. The taxonomic status of Strepsimaninae is still unclear and thus is included here as incertae sedis. The type locality, first reference, synonymy, and distribution within and outside India are provided for each of the included species. A replacement name Ophiusa neotirhaca Singh & Joshi, nom. nov. is provided for Ophiusa pseudotirhaca Singh & Ranjan, 2016, a junior homonym of Ophiusa pseudotirhaca (Berio, 1956: 24). Artaxa guttata, syn. nov. is synonymised with Artaxa digramma. Lygephila sanjauliensis Rose & Srivastava, 1989, comb. nov. is established.