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Lightweight LLMs for 3GPP Specifications: Fine-Tuning, Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Quantization

Authors: Passos Lopes Júnior, JOSÉ DE ARIMATÉIA; Pereira, Jayr; Carmo, Diedre; Lotufo, Roberto; Esteve Rothenberg, Christian;

Lightweight LLMs for 3GPP Specifications: Fine-Tuning, Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Quantization

Abstract

Interpreting complex 3GPP telecommunications standards for question and answering (QA) poses a challenge for general-purpose LLMs due to their specialized terminology and high computational demands, limiting their use in resource- constrained environments. This work explores an efficient, open- source approach using the TeleQnA dataset of 10,000 telecom questions and the TSpec-LLM repository of processed 3GPP documents. We enhance a lightweight Llama 3.2 (3B parameters) model, quantized from 16-bit precision to 4 bits, through fine- tuning and RAG to improve accuracy without heavy resource reliance. Unlike prior resource-intensive or proprietary solutions, our method reduces memory demands, enabling deployment on modest hardware like edge devices or softwarized networks. Shared via GitHub repositories [1], this approach advances cost- effective, reproducible AI for telecommunications QA, supporting contexts where budgets, computation, or public internet access are limited.

Keywords

LLM, Netsoft, 4Bit-Quantization, 3GPP, RAG, Tuning

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green