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European practice patterns and barriers to smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis in the setting of curative versus palliative cancer treatment

أنماط الممارسة الأوروبية والحواجز التي تحول دون الإقلاع عن التدخين بعد تشخيص السرطان في إطار علاج السرطان العلاجي مقابل الملطف
Authors: Jeroen W.G. Derksen; Graham Warren; Karin Jordan; Stefan Rauh; Ruth Vera García; Deirdre O'Mahony; Samreen Ahmed; +12 Authors

European practice patterns and barriers to smoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis in the setting of curative versus palliative cancer treatment

Abstract

ContexteL' arrêt du tabac après un diagnostic de cancer est associé à une amélioration de la survie globale. Peu d'études ont rapporté les schémas de pratique du sevrage tabagique des oncologues, mais les différences entre les contextes curatif et palliatif n'ont pas été décrites. Notre objectif était d'étudier les perceptions de l'oncologue sur le tabagisme des patients, les pratiques actuelles et les obstacles à la fourniture d'un soutien au sevrage tabagique, tout en faisant la distinction entre le traitement à visée curative (C) et palliative (P) .MéthodesEn 2019, une enquête en ligne de 34 items a été envoyée à environ 6235 oncologues de 16 pays européens. Les réponses ont été rapportées de manière descriptive et comparées en fonction du contexte de traitement.RésultatsLes réponses de 544 oncologues ont été incluses. Les oncologues semblaient plus favorables à la lutte contre le tabagisme dans le cadre curatif que dans le cadre palliatif. Les oncologues estiment que la poursuite du tabagisme a un impact sur les résultats du traitement (C : 94 %, P : 74 %) et que le soutien au sevrage devrait être un traitement standard contre le cancer (C : 95 %, P : 63 %). La plupart évaluent systématiquement l'usage du tabac (C : 93 %, P : 78 %) et conseillent aux patients d'arrêter de fumer (C : 88 %, P : 54 %), mais seulement 24 % (P)-39 % (C) discutent régulièrement des options médicamenteuses, et seulement 18 % (P)-31 % (C) fournissent un soutien à l'abandon du tabac. L'hésitation à supprimer une habitude agréable (C : 13 %, P : 43 %) et l'incrédulité à l'égard du tabagisme affectant les résultats (C : 3 %, P : 14 %) constituaient des barrières disparates entre les contextes curatif et palliatif (p < 0,001), mais les barrières dominantes du temps, des ressources, de l'éducation et de la résistance des patients étaient similaires entre les contextes. Les oncologues semblent favoriser la lutte contre le tabagisme davantage dans le cadre curatif ; cependant, ils discutent des options médicamenteuses et/ou fournissent un soutien au sevrage dans une minorité de cas. Tous les patients qui déclarent fumer actuellement devraient avoir accès à un soutien au sevrage tabagique fondé sur des preuves, ainsi que les patients traités avec une intention palliative compte tenu de leur survie croissante.

AntecedentesEl abandono del hábito de fumar después de un diagnóstico de cáncer se asocia con una mejor supervivencia general. Pocos estudios han informado sobre los patrones de práctica para dejar de fumar de los oncólogos, pero no se han descrito las diferencias entre los entornos curativo y paliativo. Nuestro objetivo fue estudiar las percepciones del oncólogo sobre el consumo de tabaco de los pacientes, las prácticas actuales y las barreras para brindar apoyo para dejar de fumar, al tiempo que distinguimos entre el tratamiento con intención curativa (C) y paliativa (P) .MétodosEn 2019, se envió una encuesta en línea de 34 elementos a aproximadamente 6235 oncólogos de 16 países europeos. Las respuestas se informaron de forma descriptiva y se compararon por entorno de tratamiento.ResultadosSe incluyeron las respuestas de 544 oncólogos. Los oncólogos parecían estar a favor de abordar el tabaco en el entorno curativo más que en el paliativo. Los oncólogos creen que el tabaquismo continuo afecta los resultados del tratamiento (C: 94%, P: 74%) y que el apoyo para dejar de fumar debe ser la atención estándar contra el cáncer (C: 95%, P: 63%). La mayoría evalúa rutinariamente el consumo de tabaco (C: 93%, P: 78%) y aconseja a los pacientes que dejen de consumir tabaco (C: 88%, P: 54%), pero solo el 24% (P)–39% (C) discuten rutinariamente las opciones de medicamentos, y solo el 18% (P)–31% (C) brindan apoyo para dejar de fumar. La vacilación para eliminar un hábito placentero (C: 13%, P: 43%) y la incredulidad sobre los resultados que afectan el tabaquismo (C: 3%, P: 14%) fueron barreras dispares entre los entornos curativo y paliativo (p < 0.001), pero las barreras dominantes de tiempo, recursos, educación y resistencia del paciente fueron similares entre los entornos. Conclusión Los oncólogos parecen estar a favor de abordar el consumo de tabaco más en el entorno curativo; sin embargo, discuten las opciones de medicamentos y/o brindan apoyo para dejar de fumar en una minoría de casos. Todos los pacientes que informan que fuman actualmente deben tener acceso a apoyo para dejar de fumar basado en la evidencia, también los pacientes tratados con intención paliativa dada su creciente supervivencia.

BackgroundSmoking cessation after a cancer diagnosis is associated with improved overall survival. Few studies have reported oncologists' cessation practice patterns, but differences between the curative and palliative settings have not been described. We aimed to study the oncologist's perceptions on patients' tobacco use, current practices and barriers to providing smoking cessation support, while distinguishing between treatment with curative (C) and palliative (P) intent.MethodsIn 2019, an online 34-item survey was sent to approximately 6235 oncologists from 16 European countries. Responses were descriptively reported and compared by treatment setting.ResultsResponses from 544 oncologists were included. Oncologists appeared to favour addressing tobacco in the curative setting more than in the palliative setting. Oncologists believe that continued smoking impacts treatment outcomes (C: 94%, P: 74%) and that cessation support should be standard cancer care (C: 95%, P: 63%). Most routinely assess tobacco use (C: 93%, P: 78%) and advise patients to stop using tobacco (C: 88%, P: 54%), but only 24% (P)–39% (C) routinely discuss medication options, and only 18% (P)–31% (C) provide cessation support. Hesitation to remove a pleasurable habit (C: 13%, P: 43%) and disbelieve on smoking affecting outcomes (C: 3%, P: 14%) were disparate barriers between the curative and palliative settings (p < 0.001), but dominant barriers of time, resources, education and patient resistance were similar between settings.ConclusionOncologists appear to favour addressing tobacco use more in the curative setting; however, they discuss medication options and/or provide cessation support in a minority of cases. All patients who report current smoking should have access to evidence-based smoking cessation support, also patients treated with palliative intent given their increasing survival.

الخلفية يرتبط الإقلاع عن التدخين بعد تشخيص السرطان بتحسين البقاء على قيد الحياة بشكل عام. أبلغت دراسات قليلة عن أنماط ممارسة الإقلاع لدى أطباء الأورام، ولكن لم يتم وصف الاختلافات بين الإعدادات العلاجية والمسكنة. كنا نهدف إلى دراسة تصورات أخصائي الأورام حول استخدام المرضى للتبغ والممارسات الحالية والعوائق التي تحول دون تقديم دعم الإقلاع عن التدخين، مع التمييز بين العلاج بقصد علاجي (ج) ومسكن (ب). في عام 2019، تم إرسال استبيان عبر الإنترنت مكون من 34 عنصرًا إلى ما يقرب من 6235 أخصائي أورام من 16 دولة أوروبية. تم الإبلاغ عن الاستجابات بشكل وصفي ومقارنتها من خلال إعداد العلاج. تم تضمين استجابات 544 من أطباء الأورام. يبدو أن أطباء الأورام يفضلون معالجة التبغ في البيئة العلاجية أكثر من البيئة الملطفة. يعتقد أطباء الأورام أن استمرار التدخين يؤثر على نتائج العلاج (ج: 94 ٪، ص: 74 ٪) وأن دعم الإقلاع يجب أن يكون رعاية قياسية للسرطان (ج: 95 ٪، ص: 63 ٪). يقوم معظمهم بتقييم تعاطي التبغ بشكل روتيني (ج: 93 ٪، ع: 78 ٪) وينصحون المرضى بالتوقف عن تعاطي التبغ (ج: 88 ٪، ع: 54 ٪)، ولكن فقط 24 ٪ (ف)-39 ٪ (ج) يناقشون بشكل روتيني خيارات الأدوية، وفقط 18 ٪ (ف)-31 ٪ (ج) يقدمون دعم الإقلاع. كان التردد في إزالة عادة ممتعة (ج: 13 ٪، ع: 43 ٪) وعدم التصديق على التدخين الذي يؤثر على النتائج (ج: 3 ٪، ع: 14 ٪) حواجز متباينة بين الإعدادات العلاجية والمسكنة (ع < 0.001)، ولكن الحواجز المهيمنة للوقت والموارد والتعليم ومقاومة المريض كانت متشابهة بين الإعدادات. الخلاصة يبدو أن أطباء الأورام يفضلون معالجة استخدام التبغ أكثر في الإعداد العلاجي ؛ ومع ذلك، يناقشون خيارات الدواء و/أو يقدمون دعم الإقلاع في أقلية من الحالات. يجب أن يحصل جميع المرضى الذين يبلغون عن التدخين الحالي على دعم الإقلاع عن التدخين القائم على الأدلة، وكذلك المرضى الذين عولجوا بنية ملطفة نظرًا لبقائهم المتزايد على قيد الحياة.

Countries
Poland, Sweden, Belgium
Keywords

Cessation, Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Tumor Staging, Family medicine, Advancements in Lung Cancer Research, Population, Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Cancer, Nursing, Smoking cessation, FOS: Health sciences, Neoplasms, Health Sciences, Pathology, Humans, Disease, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Internal medicine, Aged, Cancer, Oncologists, Cancer och onkologi, Physician-Patient Relations, Curative treatment, Smoking, Palliative Care, Middle Aged, ta3122, Epidemiology and Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer, Europe, Tobacco use, Environmental health, Oncology, Otorhinolaryngology, Cancer and Oncology, Palliative care, Medicine, Supportive care., Female, Smoking Cessation, Supportive care

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