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Advanced Functional Materials
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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Advanced Functional Materials
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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Two‐Photon Polymerization of Sugar Responsive 4D Microstructures

Authors: Ennis, Alexa; Nicdao, Deanna; Kolagatla, Srikanth; Dowling, Luke; Tskhe, Yekaterina; Thompson, Alex J.; Trimble, Daniel; +2 Authors

Two‐Photon Polymerization of Sugar Responsive 4D Microstructures

Abstract

AbstractStimuli‐responsive hydrogels have attracted much attention owing to the versatility of their programmed response in offering intelligent solutions for biomimicry applications, such as soft robotics, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. To achieve the complexity of biomimetic structures, two photon polymerization (2PP) has provided a means of fabricating intricate 3D structures from stimuli‐responsive hydrogels. Rapid swelling hydrogel microstructures are advantageous for osmotically driven stimuli‐response, where actuation speed, that is reliant on the diffusion of analytes or bioanalytes, can be optimized. Herein, the flexibility of 2PP is exploited to showcase a novel sugar‐responsive, phenylboronic acid‐based photoresist. This offers a remarkable solution for achieving fast response hydrogel systems that have been often hindered by the volume‐dependent diffusion times of analytes to receptor sites. A phenylboronic acid‐based photoresist compatible with 2PP is presented to fabricate stimuli‐responsive microstructures with accelerated response times. Moreover, microstructures with programmable actuation (i.e., bending and opening) are fabricated using the same photoresist within a one‐step fabrication process. By combining the flexibility of 2PP with an easily adaptable photoresist, an accessible fabrication method is showcased for sophisticated and chemo‐responsive 3D hydrogel actuators.

Countries
Ireland, United Kingdom, Ireland
Keywords

Responsive structures, Boronic acid, Polymers, Nanoscience & Materials, Sugar responsive, Organic chemistry, 4D printing, 540, Nanoscience & Materials, Microstructure, 620, Next Generation Medical Devices

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
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35
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