Translocation of effector proteins via a type III secretion system (T3SS) is a widespread infection strategy among Gram-negative bacteria. This system allows bacteria to inject effector proteins into host cells, which can manipulate host cell processes and facilitate bacterial infection. The T3SS is composed of a complex of proteins that form a channel in the bacterial membrane, through which effector proteins are secreted. The T3SS is essential for the virulence of many Gram-negative pathogens, including Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia. Understanding the mechanisms of T3SS-mediated protein translocation is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic strategies against these pathogens.