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Avaliação quantitativa do efeito da toxina botulínica tipo A em indivíduos com espasticidade do músculo bíceps braquial

Authors: Rezende, Andressa Rastrelo;

Avaliação quantitativa do efeito da toxina botulínica tipo A em indivíduos com espasticidade do músculo bíceps braquial

Abstract

A espasticidade é uma desordem motora caracterizada pelo aumento do tônus muscular, dependente da velocidade de estiramento. Esse distúrbio atinge cerca de 12 milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo e contribui para o aumento da incapacidade dos indivíduos, levando a redução da mobilidade e da sua independência. O tratamento pode ser realizado por meio de medicamentos, de tratamentos fisioterapêuticos ou pela aplicação da toxina botulínica nos músculos espásticos, uma opção que vem sendo amplamente utilizada na prática clínica. A toxina botulínica é um potente bloqueador neuromuscular, efetiva no tratamento da espasticidade. Vários trabalhos foram realizados para verificar a eficácia da aplicação da toxina em pacientes com espasticidade, porém os métodos utilizados para essa verificação foram na sua maioria subjetivos, como a Escala Modificada de Ashworth. Sendo assim, se faz necessário o estudo de novos métodos de avaliação da espasticidade para conseguir avaliar o real efeito do tratamento. Um novo método que foi estudado e vem sendo aplicado em alguns trabalhos é o método Limiar Reflexo de Estiramento Tônico (LRET). Essa medida representa o ângulo articular em que os músculos da articulação estão sendo recrutados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da toxina botulínica tipo A no membro superior de participantes com espasticidade. Para isso foram realizadas duas avaliações, uma logo antes da aplicação e outra, 21 dias após a aplicação. Foram avaliados três parâmetros: a Escala Modificada de Ashworth, o método LRET e a Amplitude de Movimento do cotovelo. Os resultados mostraram que a evolução dos participantes em relação a amplitude de movimento foi mais significativa do que os efeitos verificados pelo método LRET, referente aos aspectos neurais desse distúrbio.

Spasticity is a motor disorder characterized by increased muscle tone, dependent on the stretching velocity. This disorder affects around 12 milions of people worldwide and contribute to the increase of the incapacity of individuals, reducing their mobility and independence. The treatment can be realized through medications, physiotherapeutic or the application of botulinum toxin to the spastic muscles, na option that has been widely used in clinical practice. Botulinum toxin is a potente neuromuscular blocker, effective in the treatment of spasticity. Several studies were performed to verify the efficacy of toxin application in patients with spasticity, but the methods used for this verification were mostly subjective, such as the Ashworth Modified Scale. Thus, it is necessary to study new methods of assessing spasticity in order to be able to evaluate the real effect of the treatment. A new method that has been studied and has been applied in some studies is the Reflex Threshold Tonic Method (LRET). This measure represents the joint angle at which the joint muscles are being recruited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin type A on upper limbs of participants with spasticity. For this, two evaluations were used, one just prior to application and the other 21 days after application. Three parameters were evaluated: the Ashworth Modified Scale, the LRET method and the Elbow Range of Motion. The results were an evolution of the participants in relation to a more significant range of motion than those verified by the LRET method, referring to the neural dimensions of this disorder.

CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Dissertação (Mestrado)

Keywords

Quantitative evaluation, CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA BIOMEDICA, Botulinum toxin, Toxina botulínica, Spasticity, Engenharia biomédica, Espasticidade, Avaliação quantitativa

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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