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Atlantoaxial instability secondary to agenesis of the odontoid process of the axis without rupture of the dorsal atlantoaxial ligament in a dog

Authors: Voll, Juliana; Voll, Rodolfo; Gaiga, Leandro Haczkiewwicz; Pigatto, João Antonio Tadeu; Teixeira, Fabio dos Santos;

Atlantoaxial instability secondary to agenesis of the odontoid process of the axis without rupture of the dorsal atlantoaxial ligament in a dog

Abstract

A instabilidade atlantoaxial é uma condição congênita ou traumática que causa dor cervical e vários graus de disfunção neurológica. Um caso de instabilidade atlantoaxial secundário a agenesia do processo odontóide do áxis sem evidência de ruptura do ligamento atlantoaxial dorsal em um cão tratado cirurgicamente com sucesso é relatado. Um cão da raça Lhasa Apso, macho, 9 meses de idade, 8,5 Kg atendido no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. O exame neurológico evidenciou hiperestesia à palpação da região cervical cranial, tetraparesia não ambulatória com reflexos aumentados e deficiência proprioceptiva nos membros torácicos e pélvicos. O exame radiográfico simples na posição ventrodorsal demonstrou agenesia do processo odontóide; não houve evidência de instabilidade atlantoaxial na posição látero lateral. O diagnóstico de instabilidade atlantoaxial secundária à agenesia de processo odontóide foi estabelecido pelos sinais clínicos e exame radiográfico na posição ventrodorsal. O cão foi submetido a tratamento cirúrgico utilizando-se a técnica de estabilização ventral com pinos transarticulares. A estabilização das vértebras foi feita com pinos de Steinmann e metilmetacrilato. Uma semana de pós-operatório o exame neurológico evidenciou tetraparesia ambulatória e o radiológico, redução da subluxação e posicionamento correto dos pinos de Steinmann. Nesse caso, a melhora clínica foi atribuída a estabilização da articulação.

Atlantoaxial instability is a congenital or traumatic or condition that causes cervical pain and varying degrees of neurological dysfunction. A case of atlantoaxial instability secondary to agenesis of the odontoid process of the axis without evidence of rupture of the dorsal atlantoaxial ligament in a dog treated sucessfully is presented. A nine-month-old male Lhasa Apso weighing 8.5 kg was referred to the Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre/Brazil. The neurological examination revealed hyperesthesia to palpation of the cranial cervical region, tetraparesis not ambulatory with increased reflexes and proprioceptive deficiency in the thoracic and pelvic limbs. Radiographs of the cervical spine showed agenesis of the odontoid process of the axis without evidence of atlantoaxial instability. The diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability was based on the clinical signs and radiographic examination in the ventrodorsal view. Surgical stabilization was achieved with two Steinmann pins using ventral approach. One week after the surgery, neurological examination evidenced ambulatory tetraparesis and radiograph showed alignment of subluxation and the Steinman pins correctly positioned. In the present case, the clinical improvement was attributed to the joint stabilization and fibrous tissue formation around of the atlantoaxial joint.

Keywords

Agenesis of the odontoid process of the axis, Instabilidade articular, Transarticular pins, Cirurgia veterinaria : Caes, Agenesia do processo odontóide : pequenos animais, Ventral approach, Atlantoaxial instability

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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