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Fonološka svesnost i veština stvaranja pojmova kod dece prvog razreda

Authors: Balić, Bojana;

Fonološka svesnost i veština stvaranja pojmova kod dece prvog razreda

Abstract

Phonological awareness is the ability of voice segmentation and recognising the letter-sound relationship (awareness of sounds in a word). These notions are a result of an opinion which depends on accuracy and precision of understanding, words being its sounding symbols. The aim of this research is to determine the concept formation skill and phonological awareness in first-grade children. The following measuring instruments are used to assess language ability in first-grade children: Oral Praxis Test (Radičević i Stevanković 1992), Global Articulatory Test (Kostić, Vladisavljević i Popović, 1983 ) Phonemic Differentiation Test (Kostić, Vladisavljević i Popović, 1983 ), ACADIA Developmental Abilities Test (Subtest IX – Concept Formation Skill) (Atkison, Johnston & Linsday,1972 ), Phonological Awareness Test / FONT Test (Subotić, 2011). The sample consists of 60 first-grade children which attend a regular elementary school (32 boys and 28 girls). The results of the Oral Praxis Test indicate that there is a difference in the development of the oral praxis ability with regard to age, in favour of the older group. In the Global Articulatory Test, distortion was found in 11 sounds, whereas substitution in 9 sounds. Concept Formation subtest in the younger children group indicates a statistically higher number of standardised points in comparison to the older children group. Boys had statistically lower scores in the segmentation of syllables task. Furthermore, the results of the Phonological Awareness Test show that a difference in statistical significance of p<0.05 in segmentation of syllables was found in favour of girls.

Фонолошка свесност је способност гласовне сегментације и познавање односа слово-глас (свест о гласовима неке речи). Појмови су производ/резултат мишљења које зависи од тачности и прецизности схватања, а речи су озвучени симболи тога. Циљ овог истраживања је да се утврде способност стварања појмова и фонолошка свесност код деце првог разреда. За процену код деце првог разреда примењени су следећи мерни инструменти: Тест оралне праксије (Радичевић и Стеванковић, 1992), Глобални артикулациони тест (Костић, Владисављевић и Поповић, 1983), Тест за испитивање разликовања фонема (Костић, Владисављевић и Поповић, 1983), Тест развоја АКАДИА (субтест бр. 9 „Вештина стварања појмова”) (Atkison, Johnston & Linsday, 1972 ),, Тест фонолошке свесности /ФОНТ тест (Суботић, 2011). Узорак чини 60 деце првог разреда редовне основне школе (32 дечака и 28 девојчица). Резултати су показали да на Тесту оралне праксије постоји разлика у развијености способности оралне праксије у односу на узраст, у корист старије групе. На Глобалном артикулационом тесту дисторзија је забележена код 11 гласова, супституција код 9 гласова. На субтесту Вештине стварања појмова код деце из млађе узрасне групе забележен је статистички значајно већи број стандардизованих бодова у поређењу са децом из старије узрасне групе. Дечаци су имали статистички значајно нижа постигнућа на задатку слоговне сегментације. На тесту фонолошке свесности статистичку значајност на нивоу p < 0,05 достигла је разлику на задатку слоговне сегментације у корист девојчица.

Keywords

phonological awareness, concept formation skill, вештина стварања појмова, типичан језички развој, typical language development, фонолошка свесност

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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