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Socijalna inkluzija osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću

Authors: Kovačević, Mirjana;

Socijalna inkluzija osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću

Abstract

Changes in societal approach towards people with intellectual disabilities (ID) have provided an opportunity for new research. Concepts such as quality of life and social participation have increasingly become a focus for research and application in the various scientific fields, including the field of special education and rehabilitation. Deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning can limit their community life, which indicates the importance of developing and improving the aforementioned concepts. The main aim of this paper is to review relevant literature on Social inclusion as a domain of quality of life of people with ID. The secondary aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between the three domains of quality of life (QOL) of persons with ID: Social inclusion, Personal development and Rights. The insight into the accessible literature has been gained by researching the electronic databases: SCIndeks, DOISerbia, GoogleScholar, ResearchGate and COBSON. The literature review includes scientific papers on the topic of social inclusion, which were published between the years 1992 and 2020. The results of these studies indicate that social inclusion of people with ID may be limited. Not only that children and young people with intellectual disabilities have fewer social networks, but also that their level of participation in social, recreational and leisure activities is significantly lower compared to typically developing (TD) peers.The reasons for described differences can be found in personal and environmental factors, their interaction, as well as in the quality of various indicators, in the domains: social inclusion, personal development and rights. Further research is needed, in this area, because of perceived risk that children and people with ID may be socially isolated and experience lower QOL compared to TD population. The emphasis should be put on providing adequate support so that everyone has equal opportunities to use community resources, develop their potentials, contribute to the progress of society and realize legally guaranteed rights, as well as to focus on social inclusion from the perspective of people with ID.

Промене у приступу друштвене заједнице према особама са интелектуалном ометеношћу, условиле су да концепти попут квалитета живота и социјалне партиципације дођу у фокус стручњака из различитих научних дисциплина, па тако и оних из области специјалне едукације и рехабилитације. Различите тешкоће и дефицити који су присутни код ових особа, могу ограничити њихово функционисање у заједници, што указује на важност развоја и унапређења претходно наведених концепата. Примарни циљ рада је преглед релевантних истраживања о Социјалној инклузији као домену квалитета живота особа саинтелектуалном ометеношћу (ИО). Секундарни циљ рада је да се на основу доступне литературе анализира однос три домена квалитета живота особа са ИО: Социјалне инклузије, Личног развоја и Права. Увид у литературу извршен је прегледом електронских база података: SCIndeks, DOI Srbija, Google Scholar, ResearchGate i KOBSON. Прегледом литературе обухваћени су научни радови на тему социјалне инклузије, који су публиковани у временском опсегу од 1992. године до 2020. године. Резултати доступних истраживања указују да социјална инклузија особа са ИО може бити ограничена. Деца и млади са ИО имају сиромашнију мрежу социјалних контаката. Њихов ниво учешћа у социјалним, рекреативним и слободним активностима, значајно је нижи у односу на њихове вршњаке типичне популације (ТП). Разлози описаних разлика се могу тражити у личним и срединским факторима, њиховој интеракцији, као и у квалитету различитих индикатора у доменима: социјалне инклузије, личног развоја и права. Потреба за даљим истраживањима у овој области огледа се у приметном ризику да деца и особе са ИО буду социјно изоловане и да имају лошији квалитет живота у односу на ТП. Акценат треба да буде на пружању адекватне подршке како би сви имали једнаке могућности да искористе ресурсе заједнице, развијају своје потенцијале, доприносе развоју друштва и остваре законом загарантована права, као и на узимању у обзир перспективе особа са ИО у односу на њихову социјалну инклузију.

Keywords

factors associated with social participation, social participation, адаптивне вештине, права, интелектуална ометеност, quality of life, adaptive skills, intellectual disability, социјална партиципација, фактори социјалне партиципације, rights, социјалнa инлкузијa, квалитет живота, social inclusion

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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