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Nano-sized ion exchangers – stationary phases in capillary electrochromatography

Authors: D. V. Makeeva; L. A. Kartsova; D. A. Polikarpova;

Nano-sized ion exchangers – stationary phases in capillary electrochromatography

Abstract

Nano-sized ion exchangers possess high ion exchange capacity, adhesion to quartz surface and pH-independent charge, which make them promising modifiers of the stationary phases for the high-efficient and selective separation of charged analytes in the capillary electrochromatography mode. The goal of the investigation was the application of nano-sized ion exchangers as stationary phases in the capillary electrochromatography. The development of coatings based on nano-sized anion and cation exchangers (polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer matrix functionalized with quaternary ammonium and sulfo groups respectively) was proposed for the first time. The proposed procedures of coatings formation were very fast (less than 15 min) and were reproducible. The characterization of coatings was also carried out by the scanning electron microscopy. The high stability of the nano-sized anion exchange coating allowed using background electrolytes with pH range from 2 to 10 for the electrophoretic separations. The lower stability of coatings based on nano-sized cation exchange particles of fused silica capillaries reduced the pH range of possible background electrolytes (pH 2 - 8). Modified by nano-sized anion exchangers capillaries were applied for the separation of inorganic anions and organic acids. The determination of these analytes was characterized by high efficiency, resolution (compared to the results obtained without nano-sized anion exchanger) and short analysis time due to the co-directional migration of analytes and reversed electroosmotic flow. The modification of the fused silica capillary by nano-sized cation exchange particles prevented the sorption of biogenic amines during their electrophoretic separation.Keywords: capillary electrochromatography, nano-sized anion-exchanger, nano-sized cation-exchanger, coatings of fused-silica capillary wallsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.3.006(Russian)D.V. Makeeva, L.A. Kartsova, D.A. Polikarpova Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation

Высокая ионообменная емкость, адгезия к поверхности кварца и независимый от рН заряд позволяют рассматривать наноиониты в качестве перспективных модификаторов электрофоретических систем, способствующих высокоэффективному и селективному разделению аналитов. Данная работа посвящена применению наноразмерных ионитов в качестве стационарных фаз для реализации режима капиллярной электрохроматографии (КЭХ). В рамках исследования определены условия формирования покрытий стенок кварцевого капилляра на основе наноанионита и нанокатионита – сополимеров стирола и дивинилбензола, функционализированных четвертичными аммонийными и сульфогруппами, соответственно. Предложенные подходы к формированию стационарных фаз в кварцевом капилляре отличаются высокой экспрессностью (10-15 минут) и высокой воспроизводимостью от капилляра к капилляру. Полученные покрытия были охарактеризованы методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Высокая стабильность покрытия на основе наноанионита позволяет использовать для электрофоретического разделения фоновые электролиты с рН в диапазоне от 2 до 10 единиц; меньшая стабильность нанокатионита на поверхности кварцевого капилляра сокращает рабочий диапазон рН (2 – 8). Показаны перспективы применения кварцевых капилляров, модифицированных наноанионитом, при электрофоретическом разделении неорганических анионов и карбоновых кислот. Разделение указанных аналитов характеризуется высокой эффективностью, большей селективностью разделения, по сравнению с результатами в отсутствие модификатора, а также экспрессностью за счет сонаправленной миграции аналитов и обращенного электроосмотического потока. Использование покрытого частицами нанокатионита капилляра позволило предотвратить сорбцию биогенных аминов при их электрофоретическом определении.Ключевые слова: капиллярная электрохроматография, наноанионит, нанокатионит, покрытия стенок капилляраDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.3.006

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold