The primate malarias are those species of Plasmodium infectious to humans, apes, New World and Old World monkeys and lemurs. The four human-infecting parasites, P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovale are also infectious to New World monkeys and chimpanzees. The most studied monkey-infecting species, P. knowlesi, P. cynomolgi, P. gonderi, P. coatneyi, P. fragile, P. fieldi, P. simiovale, P. simium, P. inui, and P. brasilianum are infectious to either New World or Old World monkeys or both. New species and strains of primate malaria parasites are periodically isolated and described. The materials and methods presented here are those used under controlled conditions for the production of infected mosquitoes, parasites for infection and transmission studies, and the use of sporozoites from Plasmodium-infected mosquitoes to infect other hosts and cultures.