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Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia
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Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia
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Pneumoencéfalo após anestesia peridural: relato de caso

Authors: Braga, Angélica de Fátima de Assunção; Braga, Franklin Sarmento da Silva; Potério, Glória Maria Braga; Cremonesi, Eugesse; David, Luiz Humberto; Schimidtt, Rogério;

Pneumoencéfalo após anestesia peridural: relato de caso

Abstract

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O bloqueio peridural constitui técnica utilizada para alívio da dor durante o trabalho de parto. Apesar das vantagens, não é isenta de complicações, como, por exemplo, o pneumoencéfalo. O objetivo deste relato é apresentar um caso de pneumoencéfalo iatrogênico, diagnosticado após bloqueio peridural, com punção acidental de duramáter. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente de 16 anos, estado físico ASA I, sem antecedentes anestésicos, submetida a bloqueio peridural contínuo para analgesia de parto. Após várias tentativas de punções no espaço L3-L4, ocorreu punção acidental de duramáter. Optou-se por nova punção peridural em L2-L3, sem sucesso. Foi tentada outra punção em L3-L4, e após identificação do espaço peridural empregando-se a técnica da perda da resistência com ar, injetou-se o anestésico local e fentanil, seguido de passagem do cateter. Após 20 minutos da instalação do bloqueio, ocorreu sofrimento fetal, com indicação de cesariana, sendo administrada dose complementar de anestésico local pelo cateter. A paciente permaneceu hemodinamicamente estável e consciente durante a cirurgia, com lenta recuperação do bloqueio motor (14 h). No pós-operatório, apresentou dois episódios de crise convulsiva, com intervalo de 12 horas entre eles, que reverteram espontaneamente. A avaliação neurológica era normal e a tomografia computadorizada revelou imagem com densidade de ar compatível com pneumoencéfalo. A paciente teve alta três dias após, sem seqüelas. CONCLUSÕES: O caso confirma a possibilidade de se causar pneumoencéfalo iatrogênico durante a realização de bloqueio peridural, empregando-se a técnica da perda de resistência ao ar para a identificação do espaço peridural. Na presença de sinais e sintomas de irritação meníngea, a tomografia computadorizada é o meio diagnóstico recomendado para o diagnóstico diferencial entre pneumoencéfalo e as demais causas.

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Keywords

COMPLICATIONS, Neurologic, SURGERY, COMPLICAÇÕES, Neurológica, CIRURGIA/Obstétrica, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional/peridural, Anesthesiology, CIRURGIA, RD78.3-87.3, ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, Regional, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional, COMPLICAÇÕES, Neurológica/pneumoencéfalo

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
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gold