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Article . 2014
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Ancient astronomical instrument from Srubna burial of kurgan field Tavriya-1 (northern Black Sea coast)

Authors: VODOLAZHSKAYA L.N.; LARENOK P.A.; NEVSKY M.YU.;

Ancient astronomical instrument from Srubna burial of kurgan field Tavriya-1 (northern Black Sea coast)

Abstract

В статье представлены результаты анализа астрономическими методами пространственного расположения лунок на уникальной плите перекрытия из срубного погребения курганного могильника Таврия-1 (Ростовская область, Россия). На плите выявлены две взаимосвязанные группы лунок, одну из которых в виде круга, предлагается интерпретировать, как аналемматические солнечные часы, а вторую, состоящую из разрозненных лунок, как вспомогательные астрономические маркеры направлений восхода светил для коррекции положения гномона. Одновременное расположение обеих групп лунок на одной плите является возможным свидетельством одного из этапов разработки конструктивных особенностей аналемматических солнечных часов установки подвижного гномона и технологии измерения времени с его помощью. Оно может указывать на местное происхождение, как самой идеи аналемматических солнечных часов, так и технологии измерения времени с их помощью. В статье также описывается модель аналемматических солнечных часов, часовые метки которых во многих случаях совпадают с лунками, расположенными по кругу, особенно в рабочем диапазоне от 6 до 18 часов. В ходе исследования предложен способ, которым в древности могли определять моменты солнцестояний и равноденствий с помощью гномона аналемматических солнечных часов и подвижных визиров, устанавливаемых в лунках, относящихся ко второй группе. Рассматривается возможность использования аналемматических солнечных часов, как лунных часов в ночь полнолуния. Плиту с обеими группами лунок предлагается рассматривать, как древнейший астрономический инструмент, обнаруженный в Северном Причерноморье, который позволял следить за видимым движением светил и измерять время днем с помощью аналемматических солнечных часов и ночью в полнолуние с помощью лунных часов.

The article presents the results of analysis of the spatial arrangement of the wells on the unique slab from Srubna burial of kurgan field Tavriya-1 (Rostov region, Russia) by astronomical methods. At the slab revealed two interrelated groups of wells, one of which in the form of a circle, is proposed to interpret how analemmatic sundial, and second group, consisting of disparate wells, as auxiliary astronomical markers of rising luminaries directions, to correct the position of the gnomon. Simultaneous location of both groups of wells on the same slab is a possible indication of one of the stages of development of the design features analemmatic sundial setting movable gnomon and technology of measuring time with it. It may point to local origin, as the very idea of ​​analemmatic sundial as well technology measurement of time with them. The article also describes the model analemmatic sundial, hour marks which in many cases coincide with the wells arranged in a circle, particularly in a working range from 6 to 18 hours. In the study proposed a method which can identify moments of solstices and equinoxes in ancient times with the help of the gnomon of analemmatic sundial and mobile gnomons, installed in wells belonging to the second group. The opportunity of use analemmatic sundial as moondial in a full moon night. Slab with two groups of wells is proposed to consider, as the oldest astronomical instrument discovered in the Northern Black Sea coast, which allowed to observe the apparent motion of the Sun and the Moon and allowed measure the time during the day, using analemmatic sundial and at night during the full Moon with the help of moondial.

Keywords

ПЛИТА ПЕРЕКРЫТИЯ, GNOMON, slab, WELLS, Astronomy, Physics - History and Philosophy of Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, QB1-991, MOONDIAL, GN1-890, МОДЕЛЬ, АСТРОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ, АНАЛЕММАТИЧЕСКИЕ СОЛНЕЧНЫЕ ЧАСЫ, СРУБНОЕ ПОГРЕБЕНИЕ, АРХЕОАСТРОНОМИЯ, CUPPED DEPRESSIONS, srubna burial, wells, History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph), TECHNOLOGY, cupped depressions, astronomical methods archaeoastronomy, model, ASTRONOMICAL METHODS, ANALEMMATIC SUNDIAL, ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, analemmatic sundial, АНАЛЕММАТИЧЕСКИЕ СОЛНЕЧНЫЕ ЧАСЫ,ANALEMMATIC SUNDIAL,MOONDIAL,СРУБНОЕ ПОГРЕБЕНИЕ,SRUBNA BURIAL,ПЛИТА ПЕРЕКРЫТИЯ,SLAB,ЛУНКИ,WELLS,ЧАШЕВИДНЫЕ ЗНАКИ,CUPPED DEPRESSIONS,ГНОМОН,GNOMON,МОДЕЛЬ,MODEL,ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ,TECHNOLOGY,АСТРОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ,ASTRONOMICAL METHODS,ARCHAEOASTRONOMY,ЛУННЫЕ ЧАСЫ,АРХЕОАСТРОНОМИЯ, SRUBNA BURIAL, ARCHAEOASTRONOMY, ЛУНКИ, MODEL, ЛУННЫЕ ЧАСЫ, gnomon, Anthropology, moondial, technology, SLAB, ЧАШЕВИДНЫЕ ЗНАКИ, ГНОМОН

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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