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Other literature type . 2020
Data sources: PubMed Central
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Computational Biology and Chemistry
Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
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Site mapping and small molecule blind docking reveal a possible target site on the SARS-CoV-2 main protease dimer interface

Authors: Julia Liang; Chris Karagiannis; Eleni Pitsillou; Kevion K. Darmawan; Ken Ng; Andrew Hung; Tom C. Karagiannis;

Site mapping and small molecule blind docking reveal a possible target site on the SARS-CoV-2 main protease dimer interface

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is causing COVID-19 resulting in an ongoing pandemic with serious health, social, and economic implications. Much research is focused in repurposing or identifying new small molecules which may interact with viral or host-cell molecular targets. An important SARS-CoV-2 target is the main protease (Mpro), and the peptidomimetic α-ketoamides represent prototypical experimental inhibitors. The protease is characterised by the dimerization of two monomers each which contains the catalytic dyad defined by Cys145 and His41 residues (active site). Dimerization yields the functional homodimer. Here, our aim was to investigate small molecules, including lopinavir and ritonavir, α-ketoamide 13b, and ebselen, for their ability to interact with the Mpro. The sirtuin 1 agonist SRT1720 was also used in our analyses. Blind docking to each monomer individually indicated preferential binding of the ligands in the active site. Site-mapping of the dimeric protease indicated a highly reactive pocket in the dimerization region at the domain III apex. Blind docking consistently indicated a strong preference of ligand binding in domain III, away from the active site. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that ligands docked both to the active site and in the dimerization region at the apex, formed relatively stable interactions. Overall, our findings do not obviate the superior potency with respect to inhibition of protease activity of covalently-linked inhibitors such as α-ketoamide 13b in the Mpro active site. Nevertheless, along with those from others, our findings highlight the importance of further characterisation of the Mpro active site and any potential allosteric sites.

Country
Australia
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Keywords

Azoles, Models, Molecular, 570, 610, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Isoindoles, Ligands, Biochemistry, Antiviral Agents, Lopinavir, Small Molecule Libraries, Structural Biology, Organoselenium Compounds, Humans, Coronavirus 3C Proteases, Ritonavir, Molecular Structure, SARS-CoV-2, Organic Chemistry, Amides, Computational Mathematics, Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors, Protein Multimerization, Research Article

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
39
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
Green
hybrid