The following is the report of a fatal case with autopsy observations in which death resulted from the use of a pediculicide containing picrotoxin and veratrine. No other similar case has been found in the medical literature. Picrotoxin and veratrine are commonly used as ointments, powders or liquid preparations in the treatment of pediculosis, scabies and other parasitic diseases of skin in both man and animals. These drugs if used cautiously are effective, but when they are used indiscriminately there is considerable danger because of the large areas of skin available for absorption of the compounds. The pediculicide used in this case, "kil-ve," has for its active ingredients fishberry and sabadilla seed, which are extracted in isopropyl alcohol 72 per cent and water 27.5 per cent. Picrotoxin is derived from cocculus indicus (the seed of Anamirta paniculata, or fishberry; used for poisoning fish, adulterating beer, and in "knockout drops"). The