AbstractObjectiveA systematic review was carried out to evaluate the success and survival rate of implants supporting cantilever prosthesis, as well as the incidence of technical and biological complications.Material and MethodsA MEDLINE search was conducted up to December 2011 for studies with a mean follow‐up of 5 years or more. Two independent reviewers screened the retrieved articles and extracted the data independently. Data on survival, failure, mechanical/technical and biological complications were analyzed.ResultsOne‐hundred and sixty articles were selected as abstract. Only 18 underwent a full‐text analysis and only six were included in the study. The estimated cumulative survival rate of implants supporting cantilevered prosthesis was 98.9% (95% CI: 97.4–99.5%), whereas ICFDP survival was estimated to be about 97.1% (95% CI: 90.1–99.2%). Implant failures before prosthetic delivery were not considered.Biological complications were estimated to be 5.7% (95% CI: 4.2–7.6%) at implant level after 5 years.Technical complications were analyzed: the most common complications were veneer fractures (5‐year estimate: 10.1%; 95% CI: 3.7–16.5%) and abutment screw fractures (5‐year estimate: 1.6%; 95% CI: 0.8–3.5%). Decementation and screw loosening were estimated to be at 5 years 5.9% (95% CI: 1.7–16.8%) and 7.9% (95% CI: 3.2–18.2%), respectively. Implant fracture was rare (5‐year estimate: 0.7%; 95% CI: 0.1–4.7%); no framework fracture was reported. Radiographic bone level changes did not yield statistically significant differences. No aesthetic outcome was reported.ConclusionsICFDPS can be considered a reliable treatment: the systematic review assessed that there is no increase in complication rate due to the presence of the cantilever.