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Article . 2017
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zbMATH Open
Article . 2017
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https://doi.org/10.21136/mb.20...
Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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https://doi.org/10.21136/mb.20...
Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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On graceful colorings of trees

english
Authors: Sean English; Ping Zhang;

On graceful colorings of trees

Abstract

Summary: A proper coloring \(c\colon V(G)\to\{1,2,\ldots ,k\}\), \(k\geq 2\) of a graph \(G\) is called a graceful \(k\)-coloring if the induced edge coloring \(c'\colon E(G)\to\{1,2,\dots ,k-1\}\) defined by \(c'(uv)=|c(u)-c(v)|\) for each edge \(uv\) of \(G\) is also proper. The minimum integer \(k\) for which \(G\) has a graceful \(k\)-coloring is the graceful chromatic number \(\chi_g(G)\). It is known that if \(T\) is a tree with maximum degree \(\Delta\), then \(\chi_g(T)\leq\lceil\frac53\Delta\rceil\) and this bound is best possible. It is shown for each integer \(\Delta\geq 2\) that there is an infinite class of trees \(T\) with maximum degree \(\Delta\) such that \(\chi_g(T)=\lceil\frac53\Delta\rceil\). In particular, we investigate for each integer \(\Delta\geq 2\) a class of rooted trees \(T_{\Delta ,h}\) with maximum degree \(\Delta\) and height \(h\). The graceful chromatic number of \(T_{\Delta ,h}\) is determined for each integer \(\Delta\geq 2\) when \(1\leq h\leq 4\). Furthermore, it is shown for each \(\Delta\geq 2\) that \(\lim_{h\to\infty}\chi_g(T_{\Delta ,h})=\lceil\frac53\Delta\rceil\).

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Keywords

Graph labelling (graceful graphs, bandwidth, etc.), Coloring of graphs and hypergraphs, graceful coloring, QA1-939, Mathematics, graceful chromatic numbers, tree

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Top 10%
Top 10%
Average
Published in a Diamond OA journal