The emergence of the Kingdom of Hungary and the creation of more stable political and economic circumstances led to the development of royal seats, later fortified, near Buda (at Obuda) or in Esztergom, Szekesfehervar and Veszprem. The economic and military agenda of Hungarian kings led them to provide incentives for Western and Central-European settlers in the 12th century. The 13th century was a true economic boom for the entire Europe. Farther up north, Poland saw an increase in urbanization, similar to that in Hungary. The population in towns was not numerous, with even the largest urban centers having only several thousand inhabitants. Aside from mining settlements and several fortified towns, which had a certain degree of autonomy, the rest of the towns were unfortified and acted as mere trading posts.Keywords: Central-European settlers; Hungarian kings; Kingdom of Hungary; Szekesfehervar