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The delicate balance required to maintain homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) is controlled by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Upon injury, the BBB is disrupted compromising the CNS. BBB disruption has been represented as a uniform event. However, our group has shown in a murine model of neurocysticercosis (NCC) that BBB disruption varies depending upon the anatomical site/vascular bed analyzed. In this study further understanding of the mechanisms of BBB disruption was explored in blood vessels located in leptomeninges (pial vessels) and brain parenchyma (parenchymal vessels) by examining the expression of junctional complex proteins in murine brain infected with Mesocestoides corti. Both pial and parenchymal vessels from mock infected animals showed significant colocalization of junctional proteins and displayed an organized architecture. Upon infection, the patterned organization was disrupted and in some cases, particular tight junction and adherens junction proteins were undetectable or appeared to be undergoing proteolysis. The extent and timing of these changes differed between both types of vessels (pial vessel disruption within days versus weeks for parenchymal vessels). To approach potential mechanisms, the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were evaluated by in situ zymography. The results indicated an increase in MMP-9 activity at sites of BBB disruption exhibiting leukocyte infiltration. Moreover, the timing of MMP activity in pial and parenchymal vessels correlated with the timing of permeability disruption. Thus, breakdown of the BBB is a mutable process despite the similar structure of the junctional complex between pial and parenchymal vessels and involvement of MMP activity.
Mice, Knockout, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Microcirculation, Brain, Membrane Proteins, Brain Edema, Adherens Junctions, Cerebral Arteries, Extracellular Matrix, Enzyme Activation, Chemotaxis, Leukocyte, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Intercellular Junctions, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Mesocestoides, Blood-Brain Barrier, Animals, Encephalitis, Female
Mice, Knockout, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Microcirculation, Brain, Membrane Proteins, Brain Edema, Adherens Junctions, Cerebral Arteries, Extracellular Matrix, Enzyme Activation, Chemotaxis, Leukocyte, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Intercellular Junctions, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Mesocestoides, Blood-Brain Barrier, Animals, Encephalitis, Female
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 34 | |
popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Average | |
influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |