Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
https://doi.org/10.1103/physre...
Article . 1992 . Peer-reviewed
License: APS Licenses for Journal Article Re-use
Data sources: Crossref
versions View all 2 versions
addClaim

This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

You have already added 0 works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.

Gravitational radiation from colliding vacuum bubbles

Authors: Michael S. Turner; Michael S. Turner; Richard Watkins; Richard Watkins; Arthur Kosowsky; Arthur Kosowsky;

Gravitational radiation from colliding vacuum bubbles

Abstract

In the linearized-gravity approximation we numerically compute the amount of gravitational radiation produced by the collision of two true-vacuum bubbles in Minkowski space. The bubbles are separated by distance d and we calculate the amount of gravitational radiation that is produced in a time \ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\sim}d (in a cosmological phase transition \ensuremath{\tau} corresponds to the duration of the transition, which is expected to be of the order of the mean bubble separation d). Our approximations are generally valid for \ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\lesssim}${\mathit{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$. We find that the amount of gravitational radiation produced depends only upon the grossest features of the collision: the time \ensuremath{\tau} and the energy density associated with the false-vacuum state, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathrm{vac}}$. In particular, the spectrum ${\mathit{dE}}_{\mathrm{GW}}$/d\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\propto}${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathrm{vac}}^{2}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\tau}}}^{6}$ and peaks at a characteristic frequency ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{max}}$\ensuremath{\simeq}3.8/\ensuremath{\tau}, and the fraction of the vacuum energy released into gravitational waves is about 1.3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}$(\ensuremath{\tau}/${\mathit{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$${)}^{2}$, where ${\mathit{H}}^{2}$=8\ensuremath{\pi}G${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\rho}}}_{\mathrm{vac}}$/3 (\ensuremath{\tau}/${\mathit{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ is expected to be of the order of a few percent). We address in some detail the important symmetry issues in the problem, and how the familiar ``quadrupole approximation'' breaks down in a most unusual way: it overestimates the amount of gravitational radiation produced in this highly relativistic situation by more than a factor of 50. Most of our results are for collisions of bubbles of equal size, though we briefly consider the collision of vacuum bubbles of unequal size. Our work implies that the vacuum-bubble collisions associated with strongly first-order phase transition are a very potent cosmological source of gravitational radiation.

Related Organizations
  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    386
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 1%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
386
Top 1%
Top 1%
Top 10%
Upload OA version
Are you the author of this publication? Upload your Open Access version to Zenodo!
It’s fast and easy, just two clicks!