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Metagenomic Virome Analysis of Culex Mosquitoes from Kenya and China

Authors: Evans Atoni; Yujuan Wang; Samuel Karungu; Cecilia Waruhiu; Ali Zohaib; Vincent Obanda; Bernard Agwanda; +3 Authors

Metagenomic Virome Analysis of Culex Mosquitoes from Kenya and China

Abstract

Many blood-feeding arthropods are known vectors of viruses that are a source of unprecedented global health concern. Mosquitoes are an integral part of these arthropod vectors. Advancements in next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics has expanded our knowledge on the richness of viruses harbored by arthropods. In the present study, we applied a metagenomic approach to determine the intercontinental virome diversity of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Kwale, Kenya and provinces of Hubei and Yunnan in China. Our results showed that viromes from the three locations were strikingly diverse and comprised 30 virus families specific to vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, and protozoa as well as unclassified group of viruses. Though sampled at different times, both Kwale and Hubei mosquito viromes were dominated by vertebrate viruses, in contrast to the Yunnan mosquito virome, which was dominated by insect-specific viruses. However, each virome was unique in terms of virus proportions partly influenced by type of ingested meals (blood, nectar, plant sap, environment substrates). The dominant vertebrate virus family in the Kwale virome was Papillomaviridae (57%) while in Hubei it was Herpesviridae (30%) and the Yunnan virome was dominated by an unclassified viruses group (27%). Given that insect-specific viruses occur naturally in their hosts, they should be the basis for defining the viromes. Hence, the dominant insect-specific viruses in Kwale, Hubei, and Yunnan were Baculoviridae, Nimaviridae and Iflaviridae, respectively. Our study is preliminary but contributes to growing and much needed knowledge, as mosquito viromes could be manipulated to prevent and control pathogenic arboviruses.

Keywords

China, bats, Insect Viruses, insect-specific viruses, bat, Genome, Viral, Microbiology, Article, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, emerging infectious diseases, Chiroptera, Animals, Animalia, Chordata, Phylogeny, metagenomics, virome, <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>, Microbiota, Culex quinquefasciatus, Computational Biology, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i>, Biodiversity, Kenya, QR1-502, mosquito microbiome, Culex, Mammalia, Metagenomics, <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>; <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i>; virome; mosquito microbiome; metagenomics; emerging infectious diseases; insect-specific viruses

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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
71
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 1%
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