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Abstract

Aim. To study the effect of genotype, environments of the year, and predecessors on the physical characteristics of grain quality of new bread winter wheat varieties bred at Myronivka being tested in the State strain testing. Material and methods. The studies were conducted in 2012-2014 in the fields of breeding rotation of MIW with predecessors green fallow (mustard) and maize for silage. Winter wheat varieties Gratsіia myronіvska, MІP Vyshyvanka, MІP Dniprianka, Trudivnytsia myronіvska vs standard variety Podolianka were studied in main competitive strain testing at the Department of breeding cereal crops. Results. The influence of weather conditions of the year and genotype on 1000 kernel weight was significant (41 and 36% respectively). Influence of predecessor was smaller (7%), but reliable (p ≤ 0.05) as well. The variety Gratsіia myronіvska was remarkable for the highest 1000 kernel weight. Test weight index in a given set of varieties significantly changed depending on the factor of the year environment (57%), not significantly depending on genotype and predecessor. The highest test weight index was observed in variety Trudivnytsia myronіvska (820 g/l). Grain vitreousness (hardness) of new varieties were significantly affected by environments of the year (51%), predecessors (28%), not significantly (5%), but reliably (p ≤ 0.05) were affected by- genotype. According to this index all varieties studied were classified in the group of strong wheat. Conclusions. The effect of weather conditions of the year on all the indices were reliably significant. Genotype of variety significantly affected on the 1000 kernel weight and grain vitreousness, whereas predecessor affected only on grain vitreousness. By grain quality characteristics the varieties MІP Vyshyvanka, Trudivnytsia myronіvska, Gratsіia myronіvska and MІP Dniprianka by indicators are classified as valuable and strong wheats.

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