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Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana
Article . 2010 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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CARACTERIZACIÓN AGROMORFOLÓGICA DE MUESTRAS DE TOMATE DE OAXACA

Authors: José C. Carrillo Rodríguez; José L. Chávez Servia;

CARACTERIZACIÓN AGROMORFOLÓGICA DE MUESTRAS DE TOMATE DE OAXACA

Abstract

Los programas de mejoramiento de tomate generalmente manejan una base genética estrecha, por lo que requieren explorar y conocer la variación genética natural como fuente de genes para mejorar la productividad, adaptación y resolver problemas de plagas y enfer-medades. Con el objetivo de caracterizar la variación agromor-fológica de una colección de tomate silvestres y semidomesticados (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme Dunal) del estado de Oaxaca, México, se hizo una colecta y caracterización en inverna-dero de 49 poblaciones. Se detectaron diferencias significativas entre colectas en todos los caracteres evaluados, excepto en días a inicio de fructificación del quinto racimo. El análisis de componentes principales mostró que las variables días a inicios de floración, fructificación y maduración, y número total de frutos al quinto racimo, altura de planta a 30 d del trasplante, número de frutos por racimo y peso medio de frutos fueron las de mayor valor para describir la variabilidad morfológica. En el análisis de conglome-rados se formaron dos grupos, uno de tomates semidomesticados y otro de silvestres. El primero se integró por cuatro subgrupos de variantes con frutos de forma periforme o achatada con hombros de 3 a 5 lóculos, diámetros de 2.5 a 3.7 cm y longitudes de 2.6 a 3.1 cm. El segundo grupo reunió a las poblaciones de frutos más pequeños, indicativo de su condición silvestre, con frutos de dos lóculos, diámetros y longitudes menores a 2 cm, alta producción de flores por racimo (5 a 7) y de 20 a 30 frutos al quinto racimo, precocidad a la fructificación del quinto racimo (53 a 55 d después del trasplante) y crecimiento indeterminado (1.3 a 1.7 m a 60 d del trasplante). En Oaxaca existe una amplia variación en caracteres fenológicos, de planta, tallo, hoja, flores y frutos en las poblaciones silvestres y semidomesticadas de tomate.

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Keywords

componentes principales, análisis de conglomerados, Biología, variación fenotípica, Lycopersicon esculentum

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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold