AbstractPsychological distress is common in patients with diabetes. Little is known about the impact of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), a non‐traditional, cognitive behavioural intervention designed to improve stress management skills, in patients with diabetes.The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the impact of MBSR training on mood states in 25 individuals with diabetes. All participants completed the Profile of Mood States Short Form (POMS‐SF) at baseline and following eight weeks of MBSR. Overall psychological distress measured by the total mood score (TMS) and six subscales—including tension/anxiety, depression/dejection, anger/hostility, fatigue/inertia, confusion/bewilderment and vigour/activity—were assessed.Overall mood, measured by the TMS, as well as all subscale mood measurements improved significantly from baseline following MBSR training. Compared to population means, those with diabetes had higher distress at baseline and similar levels of distress following MBSR training. The primary reason participants reported for enrolling in the MBSR course was to improve stress management skills.It was concluded that MBSR training is a promising, group‐based intervention that can be used to decrease psychological distress in individuals with diabetes who perceive a need for training in stress management. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.