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Endothelin signaling is essential for neural crest development, and dysregulated Endothelin signaling is associated with several neural crest-related disorders, including Waardenburg and other syndromes. However, in spite of the critical roles of this pathway in neural crest development and disease, the transcriptional effectors directly activated by Endothelin signaling during neural crest development remain incompletely elucidated. Here, we establish that the MADS box transcription factor MEF2C is an immediate downstream transcriptional target and effector of Endothelin signaling in the neural crest. We show that Endothelin signaling activates Mef2c expression in the neural crest through a conserved enhancer in the Mef2c locus and that CRISPR-mediated deletion of this Mef2c neural crest enhancer from the mouse genome abolishes Endothelin induction of Mef2c expression. Moreover, we demonstrate that Endothelin signaling activates neural crest expression of Mef2c by de-repressing MEF2C activity through a Calmodulin-CamKII-histone deacetylase signaling cascade. Thus, these findings identify a MEF2C-dependent, positive-feedback mechanism for Endothelin induction, and establish MEF2C as an immediate transcriptional effector and target of Endothelin signaling in the neural crest.
Feedback, Physiological, Indoles, MEF2 Transcription Factors, Endothelins, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Galactosides, Mice, Transgenic, beta-Galactosidase, Mice, Neural Crest, Animals, In Situ Hybridization, Signal Transduction
Feedback, Physiological, Indoles, MEF2 Transcription Factors, Endothelins, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Galactosides, Mice, Transgenic, beta-Galactosidase, Mice, Neural Crest, Animals, In Situ Hybridization, Signal Transduction
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 26 | |
popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |