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The immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) is expressed mainly by T helper type 2 (T(H)2) cells but also by T(H)1 cells during chronic infection. Here we observed plasticity in the expression of IL-10 and IL-13 after chronic T(H)1 stimulation; furthermore, the expression of Il10 and Il13 was regulated by the transcription factor E4BP4. Chronically stimulated E4BP4-deficient (Nfil3(-/-); called 'E4bp4(-/-)' here) T(H)1 cells, regulatory T cells (T(reg) cells) and natural killer T cells (NKT cells) had attenuated expression of IL-10 and IL-13. Enforced expression of E4bp4 initiated the production of IL-10 and IL-13 by conventional T(H)1 cells. E4bp4(-/-) T(H)2 cells showed impairment of IL-10 production with no effect on IL-13. Our results indicate that E4BP4 has multiple functions in controlling the plasticity of IL-13 in T(H)1 cells and IL-10 in T(H)1 cells, T(H)2 cells, T(reg) cells and NKT cells.
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Mice, Knockout, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Interleukin-13, Transcription, Genetic, Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, Mice, Transgenic, Flow Cytometry, Autoimmune Diseases, Interleukin-10, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, Animals, Promoter Regions, Genetic
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Mice, Knockout, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Interleukin-13, Transcription, Genetic, Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay, Mice, Transgenic, Flow Cytometry, Autoimmune Diseases, Interleukin-10, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, Animals, Promoter Regions, Genetic
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 181 | |
popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 1% | |
influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 1% |