
Drying of rubber by the pressure-drop method in an endless-screw machine has come into widespread use in the final stage of the water method of separating rubber from the polymerization solution [1, 2]. Investigations indicate that the extent to which the rubber is dewatered increases with decreasing time of the pressure drop in the rubber discharged from an endless-screw drier [3‐6]. The most effective drying process occurs when the material is discharged from the machine under conditions whereby the rubber particles are ejected spontaneously through the draw plates of the discharge apparatus. Here, it is possible to lower the material-processing temperature [5‐9], and also to use traditional discharge apparatus on the dryer, and equip the latter with additional hardware components [7‐9]. Modeling of Rubber-Drying Process by Pressure-Drop Method. Numerical analysis of this process is frequently performed on the basis of the heat-balance equation [2, 10]. To account for the effect of thermomechanical removal of some of the moisture in the liquid state during the material’s drying, a correction factor is introduced to the heat-balance equation [11]. A more common approach to modeling of the drying of materials is based on its description by a system of differential equations that take into account the heat- and mass-exchange processes. Based on theoretical analysis and results of experimental investigations, Lykov [12] and Lykov and Mikhailov [13] derived a system of differential equations, which makes it possible to account for basic characteristic features of the drying of capillary-porous materials. Its use, however, requires a large volume of experimental data on the heat- and mass-exchange characteristics of the material being dewatered. To describe the drying of a capillary-porous material, Ivashov [14] proposes a simplified system of differential equations of heat and mass transfer, which is oriented toward a predominance in the drying process of the molar transport of moisture in the form of vapor as it boils within the mass of material:
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