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Epigenetic reprogramming during wound healing: loss of polycomb‐mediated silencing may enable upregulation of repair genes

Authors: Tanya J. Shaw; Tanya J. Shaw; Paul Martin;

Epigenetic reprogramming during wound healing: loss of polycomb‐mediated silencing may enable upregulation of repair genes

Abstract

Tissue repair is a complex process that requires wound‐edge cells to proliferate and migrate, which in turn necessitates induction of a large repair transcriptome. Epigenetic modifications have emerged as crucial regulators of gene expression. Here, we ask whether epigenetic reprogramming might contribute to the concerted induction of repair genes by wound‐edge cells. Polycomb group proteins (PcGs) co‐operatively silence genes by laying down repressive marks such as histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), which can be removed by specific demethylases. We show that PcGs Eed, Ezh2 and Suz12 are significantly downregulated during murine skin repair, whereas the newly described demethylases Jmjd3 and Utx are markedly upregulated. Correspondingly, we find a striking reduction of repressive H3K27me3 in the wound epidermis. Quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation studies have revealed that there is less Eed bound to the regulatory regions of two paradigm wound‐induced genes, Myc and Egfr, suggesting that loss of polycomb‐mediated silencing might contribute to the induction of repair genes.

Keywords

Male, 570, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases, Blotting, Western, 610, Polycomb-Group Proteins, In Vitro Techniques, N-Demethylating, Methylation, Cell Line, Epigenesis, Genetic, Mice, Genetic, Animals, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein, Skin, Histone Demethylases, Wound Healing, Blotting, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, Nuclear Proteins, Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, Repressor Proteins, Oxidoreductases, Western, Epigenesis

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    popularity
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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
157
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 1%
gold