AbstractChanges in the chemical or physical conditions of the cell that impose a negative effect on growth demand rapid cellular responses, which are essential for survival. Molecular mechanisms induced upon exposure of cells to such adverse conditions are commonly designated as stress responses. Herein, different methods which can be used to monitor oxidative stress response in yeasts are presented including monitoring of oxygen partial pressure during yeast cultivation, cell viability determination, measuring activity of enzymatic and level of nonenzymatic primary antioxidant defense systems, and examination of transcriptome and proteome changes. Additionally, some studies are given as examples of particular method's application for studying oxidative stress response in yeasts. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 19:195–203, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20091