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Hox genes are essential for the patterning of the axial skeleton. Hox group 10 has been shown to specify the lumbar domain by setting a rib-inhibiting program in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). We have now produced mice with ribs in every vertebra by ectopically expressing Hox group 6 in the PSM, indicating that Hox genes are also able to specify the thoracic domain. We show that the information provided by Hox genes to specify rib-containing and rib-less areas is first interpreted in the myotome through the regional-specific control of Myf5 and Myf6 expression. This information is then transmitted to the sclerotome by a system that includes FGF and PDGF signaling to produce vertebrae with or without ribs at different axial levels. Our findings offer a new perspective of how Hox genes produce global patterns in the axial skeleton and support a redundant nonmyogenic role of Myf5 and Myf6 in rib formation.
Homeodomain Proteins, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Bone Development, Models, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, DEVBIO, Mice, Transgenic, Muscle Development, Models, Biological, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Mice, Homeobox A10 Proteins, Phenotype, Myogenic Regulatory Factors, Animals, Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5, Developmental Biology
Homeodomain Proteins, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Bone Development, Models, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, DEVBIO, Mice, Transgenic, Muscle Development, Models, Biological, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Mice, Homeobox A10 Proteins, Phenotype, Myogenic Regulatory Factors, Animals, Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5, Developmental Biology
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 76 | |
popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |
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