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Two Di‐Leucine Motifs Regulate Trafficking of Mucolipin‐1 to Lysosomes

Authors: Silvia Vergarajauregui; Rosa Puertollano;

Two Di‐Leucine Motifs Regulate Trafficking of Mucolipin‐1 to Lysosomes

Abstract

Mutations in the mucolipin‐1 gene have been linked to mucolipidosis type IV, a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by severe neurological and ophthalmologic abnormalities. Mucolipin‐1 is a membrane protein containing six putative transmembrane domains with both its N‐ and C‐termini localized facing the cytosol. To gain information on the sorting motifs that mediate the trafficking of this protein to lysosomes, we have generated chimeras in which the N‐ and C‐ terminal tail portions of mucolipin‐1 were fused to a reporter gene. In this article, we report the identification of two separate di‐leucine‐type motifs that co‐operate to regulate the transport of mucolipin‐1 to lysosomes. One di‐leucine motif is positioned at the N‐terminal cytosolic tail and mediates direct transport to lysosomes, whereas the other di‐leucine motif is found at the C‐terminal tail and functions as an adaptor protein 2‐dependent internalization motif. We have also found that the C‐terminal tail of mucolipin‐1 is palmitoylated and that this modification might regulate the efficiency of endocytosis. Finally, the mutagenesis of both di‐leucine motifs abrogated lysosomal accumulation and resulted in cell‐surface redistribution of mucolipin‐1. Taken together, these results reveal novel information regarding the motifs that regulate mucolipin‐1 trafficking and suggest a role for palmitoylation in protein sorting.

Keywords

Alanine, Microscopy, Confocal, Amino Acid Motifs, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Molecular Sequence Data, Palmitic Acid, Endocytosis, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Protein Transport, Cytosol, Amino Acid Substitution, Models, Chemical, Leucine, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Humans, Traffic Interchange, Amino Acid Sequence, Cysteine, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, Lysosomes, HeLa Cells

  • BIP!
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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    157
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
157
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 10%
Green
bronze