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A molecular role for lysyl oxidase‐like 2 enzyme in Snail regulation and tumor progression

Authors: Peinado, Héctor; Del Carmen Iglesias-de la Cruz, Maria; Olmeda, David; Csiszar, Katalin; Fong, Keith S K; Vega, Sonia; Nieto, Maria Angela; +2 Authors

A molecular role for lysyl oxidase‐like 2 enzyme in Snail regulation and tumor progression

Abstract

The transcription factor Snail controls epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT) by repressing E-cadherin expression and other epithelial genes. However, the mechanisms involved in the regulation of Snail function are not fully understood. Here we show that lysyl-oxidase-like 2 and 3 (LOXL2 and LOXL3), two members of the lysyl-oxidase gene family, interact and cooperate with Snail to downregulate E-cadherin expression. Snail's lysine residues 98 and 137 are essential for Snail stability, functional cooperation with LOXL2/3 and induction of EMT. Overexpression of LOXL2 or LOXL3 in epithelial cells induces an EMT process, supporting their implication in tumor progression. The biological importance of LOXL2 is further supported by RNA interference of LOXL2 in Snail-expressing metastatic carcinoma cells, which led to a strong decrease of tumor growth associated to increased apoptosis and reduced expression of mesenchymal and invasive/angiogenic markers. Taken together, these results establish a direct link between LOXL2 and Snail in carcinoma progression.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Blotting, Western, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Transfection, Mice, Cell Line, Tumor, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Animals, Humans, Immunoprecipitation, DNA Primers, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Carcinoma, EMT, E-cadherin, Epithelial Cells, Cadherins, Tumor progression, Snail, Gene Expression Regulation, LOXL, RNA Interference, Amino Acid Oxidoreductases, Snail Family Transcription Factors, Transcription Factors

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download
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
downloads
OpenAIRE UsageCountsDownloads provided by UsageCounts
404
Top 1%
Top 1%
Top 1%
52
92
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gold