The genus Bothropolys is mostly known from North America and East Asia. So far eleven species of Bothropolys are reported in China. A new lithobiid species, Bothropolys biserialis sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the Yintiaoling National Nature Reserve in Wuxi County, Chongqing Municipality, south-western China. The new species is primarily compared with B. yoshidai Takakuwa, 1939, from the Hubei and Fujian Provinces, China, as well as Japan and North Korea and B. curvatus Takakuwa, 1939, from the Yunnan Province, China, as well as Japan and B. rugosus (Meinert, 1872), widely distributed in China, but it can easily be distinguished by antennae usually 20+20 articles, ocelli 21–27, usually 25 on each side, arranged in five irregular rows, with the posterior ocellus the largest, Tömösváry’s organ slightly smaller than the adjacent ocelli; commonly 9+9 coxosternal teeth, porodonts between the fourth and fifth or the fifth and sixth outer teeth; the posterior angles of TT 4, 6, 7, 9, 11 and 13 with obvious triangular projections; coxal pore formula 13–25, irregularly arranged, legs 1–14 with anterior and posterior accessory spurs, lacking posterior accessory spurs of legs 15. DaC spine on legs 12–15. Female gonopods with 4+4 moderately small coniform spurs, arranged in two rows. The type specimens are deposited in the collection of the Institute of Myriapodology, School of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, P. R. China.