Several studies support a genetic influence on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) etiology. The role of glutamate as an important neurotransmitter affecting OCD pathophysiology has been supported by neuroimaging, animal model, medication, and initial candidate gene studies. Genes involved in glutamatergic pathways, such as the glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 2 (GRIK2), have been associated with OCD in previous studies. This study examines GRIK2 as a candidate gene for OCD susceptibility in a family-based approach. Probands had full DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for OCD. Forty-seven OCD probands and their parents were recruited from tertiary care OCD specialty clinics from France and USA. Genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and related haplotypes were analyzed using Haploview and FBAT software. The polymorphism at rs1556995 (P= 0.0027; permuted P-value = 0.03) was significantly associated with the presence of OCD. Also, the two marker haplotype rs1556995/rs1417182, was significantly associated with OCD (P= 0.0019, permuted P-value = 0.01). This study supports previously reported findings of association between proximal GRIK2 SNPs and OCD in a comprehensive evaluation of the gene. Further study with independent samples and larger sample sizes is required.