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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
https://doi.org/10.1103/physre...
Article . 1995 . Peer-reviewed
License: APS Licenses for Journal Article Re-use
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Multifractal behavior of the distribution of secondary-electron-emission sites on solid surfaces

Authors: , Li; , Ding; , Wu;

Multifractal behavior of the distribution of secondary-electron-emission sites on solid surfaces

Abstract

The Monte Carlo method has been used to simulate the interaction of incident electrons of 1--10 keV with Si, Cu, Ag, and Au solids. In the simulation, the trajectories of secondary electrons inside the solids have also been included. The distributions of secondary-electron-emission sites on the surfaces of Si, Cu, Ag, and Au show multifractal behavior. For the same solids, the information dimension ${\mathit{D}}_{1}$, the correlation dimension ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$, and the minimum singularity ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathrm{min}}$ decrease with increasing energy of the incident electrons while the maximum singularity ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathrm{max}}$ increases. For the same primary-electron energy, ${\mathit{D}}_{1}$, ${\mathit{D}}_{2}$, and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathrm{min}}$ increase with increasing atomic number of the solid, while ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathrm{max}}$ decreases. The Hausdorff dimension ${\mathit{D}}_{0}$ is almost unaltered in any case if the number of emitted secondary electrons is large enough. The results show that the higher the primary-electron energy and the lower the atomic number of the solid, the more dispersive is the distributed probability of secondary-electron-emission sites on the solid surface.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
23
Average
Top 10%
Average
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