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Weather on Other Worlds. V. The Three Most Rapidly Rotating Ultra-cool Dwarfs

Authors: Tannock, Megan E.; Metchev, Stanimir; Heinze, Aren; Miles-Páez, Paulo; Gagné, Jonathan; Burgasser, Adam; Marley, Mark S.; +3 Authors

Weather on Other Worlds. V. The Three Most Rapidly Rotating Ultra-cool Dwarfs

Abstract

Abstract We present the discovery of rapid photometric variability in three ultra-cool dwarfs from long-duration monitoring with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The T7, L3.5, and L8 dwarfs have the shortest photometric periods known to date: hr, hr, and hr, respectively. We confirm the rapid rotation through moderate-resolution infrared spectroscopy, which reveals projected rotational velocities between 79 and 104 km s−1. We compare the near-infrared spectra to photospheric models to determine the objects’ fundamental parameters and radial velocities. We find that the equatorial rotational velocities for all three objects are ≳100 km s−1. The three L and T dwarfs reported here are the most rapidly spinning and likely the most oblate field ultra-cool dwarfs known to date. Correspondingly, all three are excellent candidates for seeking auroral radio emission and net optical/infrared polarization. As of this writing, 78 L-, T-, and Y-dwarf rotation periods have now been measured. The clustering of the shortest rotation periods near 1 hr suggests that brown dwarfs are unlikely to spin much faster.

Keywords

spectroscopy, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, photometry, Very low mass stars, variability, FOS: Physical sciences, rotation, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), brown dwarfs

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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