BARHL2 Differentially Regulates the Development of Retinal Amacrine and Ganglion Neurons
Copyright policy )BARHL2 Differentially Regulates the Development of Retinal Amacrine and Ganglion Neurons
Through transcriptional regulations, the BarH family of homeodomain proteins play essential roles in cell fate specification, cell differentiation, migration, and survival.Barhl2, a member of theBarhgene family, is expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), amacrine cells (ACs), and horizontal cells. Here, to investigate the role ofBarhl2in retinal development,Barhl2-deficient mice were generated. Analysis of AC subtypes inBarhl2-deficient retinas suggests thatBarhl2plays a critical role in AC subtype determination. A significant reduction of glycinergic and GABAergic ACs with a substantial increase in the number of cholinergic ACs was observed inBarhl2-null retinas.Barhl2is also critical for the development of a normal complement of RGCs.Barhl2deficiency resulted in a 35% increase in RGCs undergoing apoptosis during development. Genetic analysis revealed thatBarhl2functions downstream of theAtoh7–Pou4f3regulatory pathway and regulates the maturation and/or survival of RGCs. Thus, BARHL2 appears to have numerous roles in retinal development, including regulating neuronal subtype specification, differentiation, and survival.
- Yale University United States
- University of Rochester United States
Homeodomain Proteins, PAX6 Transcription Factor, Caspase 3, Glutamate Decarboxylase, LIM-Homeodomain Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Apoptosis, Cell Differentiation, Mice, Transgenic, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Embryo, Mammalian, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Amacrine Cells, Animals, Newborn, Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Animals, Paired Box Transcription Factors, Eye Proteins, Photic Stimulation
Homeodomain Proteins, PAX6 Transcription Factor, Caspase 3, Glutamate Decarboxylase, LIM-Homeodomain Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Apoptosis, Cell Differentiation, Mice, Transgenic, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Embryo, Mammalian, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Amacrine Cells, Animals, Newborn, Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Animals, Paired Box Transcription Factors, Eye Proteins, Photic Stimulation
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